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Saksenaea vasiformis
''Saksenaea vasiformis'' is an infectious fungus associated with cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions following trauma.〔〔 It causes opportunistic infections as the entry of the fungus is through open spaces of cutaneous barrier〔 ranging in severity from mild to severe or fatal.〔 It is found in soils worldwide,〔 but is considered as a rare human pathogen since only 38 cases were reported as of 2012.〔 ''Saksenaea vasiformis'' usually fails to sporulate on the routine culture media,〔 creating a challenge for early diagnosis, which is essential for a good prognosis.〔 Infections are usually treated using a combination of amphotericin B and surgery.〔 ''Saksenaea vasiformis'' is one of the few fungi known to cause necrotizing fasciitis or "flesh-eating disease".〔
==Description==
''Saksenaea vasiformis'' was initially described as a new mucoraceous fungus in a new genus ''Saksenaea'' in 1953 by Dr. S. B. Saksena.〔 It was isolated it from Patharia forest soil in India and distinguishably different from other species in morphology of sporangia (flask-shaped) and the method of spore discharge.〔 The name "vasiformis" came from the flask-shape of sporangiophore.〔 Since 1953, it has been isolated from various countries including Panama, Israel, Honduras, and the southern United States.〔 This species is the only species belong to genus ''Saksenaea'',〔 although two new species, which are Saksenaea oblongispora and Saksenaea erythrospora, were proposed in 2010.〔 Detailed microscopic observation displayed similar flask shape of sporangiophores and the phylogenic analysis indicated that these isolates (''S. vasiformis, S. oblongispora'' and ''S. erythrospora'') belong to the same genus ''Saksenaea''.〔
This species is associated with ''Apophysomyces elegans'', a member of family ''Mucoraceae''. Despite the significant differences of morphological characteristics of sporangia and the manner of sporangium formation, these two species are associated, usually in medical literature, due to similar disease manifestation in human: cutaneous or subcutaneous infections.〔〔 Infections involving these two species (''S. vasiformis'' and ''A. elegans'') cause rapid necrotizing vasculitis that leads to thrombosis and tissue necrosis in organisms’ vascular lumen.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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